Kink Talk – What is syphilis?
Syphilis
Syphilis is a bacterial STI that usually starts with a painless sore, can affect the whole body if untreated and is curable with antibiotics, especially when caught early.
What is syphilis?
Syphilis takes its name from a 1530 poem by the Italian doctor Girolamo Fracastoro, about a shepherd named Syphilus who is struck by the disease. Its older medical name, lues, is Latin for plague. It’s a bacterial STI that passes on through direct contact with a sore or rash during vaginal, anal or oral sex, and sometimes kissing. Untreated, it moves through stages and can damage the heart, brain, nerves and eyes years later. It can also pass to a baby during pregnancy. Because the first sore often goes unnoticed and heals by itself, many people only find out through a blood test.
What are the symptoms of syphilis?
It depends on the stage. First comes a painless, firm sore where the bacteria entered, on the genitals, anus or mouth, usually a few weeks after sex. It heals on its own, but the infection stays. Later, a rash can appear, often on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, with a flu-like feeling, swollen glands or patchy hair loss. Then a latent stage follows, with no symptoms for years. A blood test finds syphilis at any stage. It can take a few weeks after infection to turn positive, so your doctor may suggest a repeat test.
Is syphilis curable?
Yes. Antibiotics from a doctor cure syphilis, and the earlier it’s treated, the simpler the treatment. Damage from a very late stage may not fully heal. Having had syphilis doesn’t make you immune, so you can catch it again. Avoid sex until treatment is finished and your doctor says it’s fine, and tell recent partners so they can get tested. Follow-up blood tests check that the treatment worked. Condoms lower the risk but don’t fully protect if a sore sits outside the covered area. For people with several partners, a doctor may also discuss Doxy-PEP.