Orientations & Identities – What does stonewall mean?
Stonewall
Stonewall refers to the uprising that began on 28 June 1969 at the Stonewall Inn in New York, when queer patrons fought back against a police raid and sparked the modern Pride movement.
What does Stonewall mean?
Stonewall is named after the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar on Christopher Street in New York’s Greenwich Village. In the early hours of 28 June 1969, police raided it, as they regularly did with queer bars. This time the crowd fought back, and protests went on for several nights. Among those in the middle of it were drag queens, trans women, butch lesbians, gay men and young queer people living on the streets. Marsha P. Johnson and Sylvia Rivera, activists of colour who later became icons of the trans movement, are among the names most often remembered today, though accounts of who was there on the first night differ.
Why is Stonewall so important?
Because it turned decades of quiet resistance into a visible movement. Within a year, new activist groups had formed, and on the first anniversary thousands marched in New York and other cities. Those marches became today’s Pride. In Germany, the CSD, Christopher Street Day, is named after the street where it all began, and the first CSDs took place in Berlin and Bremen in 1979.
Was Stonewall the first LGBTQ+ protest?
No. In 1966, trans women and drag queens fought back against police at Compton’s Cafeteria in San Francisco, and there were smaller protests before that. In Germany, Magnus Hirschfeld founded one of the world’s first organisations for homosexual rights in Berlin as early as 1897. Stonewall became the symbol because of its size, its timing and the movement that followed.