Orientations & Identities – What does transsexual mean?
Transsexual
Transsexual is an older term for trans people, especially those who transition medically, rooted in 20th-century medicine and now seen by many as outdated, though some still use it for themselves.
What does transsexual mean?
Transsexual combines the Latin “trans”, meaning across, with “sexual” in the old sense of biological sex. The term spread through 20th-century medicine, focused on medical transition, and was popularised by the endocrinologist Harry Benjamin in the 1950s and 1960s. Many trans people today find it outdated or pathologising, because it frames being trans as a medical condition. The WHO’s current classification, ICD-11, no longer uses “transsexualism”. Some trans people, often older ones, still call themselves transsexual. Respect the words people choose for themselves.
What was the German Transsexual Act?
The Transsexuellengesetz, or TSG, was passed in 1980 and took effect in 1981. To change their first name or gender entry, trans people needed 2 expert reports and a court decision. Until the Federal Constitutional Court struck it down in 2011, a change of gender entry also required gender-affirming surgery and permanent infertility. Many found it humiliating. On 1 November 2024, the Self-Determination Act replaced the TSG.
Is transsexual the same as transvestite?
No. Transvestite, coined by Magnus Hirschfeld in 1910, is an outdated word for people who wear clothes associated with another gender, today usually called cross-dressing. It says nothing about gender identity. Both words sound old-fashioned now. Trans is today’s common umbrella term, while drag and cross-dressing describe expression, not identity.