Orientations & Identities – What does marriage equality mean?
Marriage Equality
Marriage Equality means that same-sex couples can marry with the same rights as opposite-sex couples, in Germany since 1 October 2017, where it’s known as “Ehe für alle”.
What does marriage equality mean?
Marriage equality means that two people of the same gender can marry, with the same rights and duties as any other married couple. In Germany it’s called “Ehe für alle”, marriage for all. Other common names are same-sex marriage and, more casually, gay marriage. The Netherlands was the first country to open marriage to same-sex couples, in 2001. Austria followed in 2019 and Switzerland in 2022. Today it’s legal in many countries, while others still ban it.
How did marriage for all come about in Germany?
From 2001, same-sex couples could register a civil partnership, the “eingetragene Lebenspartnerschaft”. It gave many but not all rights of marriage, and courts closed the gaps step by step. On 30 June 2017, the Bundestag voted to open marriage to all couples, and the law took effect on 1 October 2017. Since then, same-sex spouses can also adopt children together. New civil partnerships can no longer be registered.
What happened to existing civil partnerships?
Couples can convert their civil partnership into a marriage at the registry office, but they don’t have to. Existing partnerships stay valid. After a conversion, the date of the original partnership still counts for rights and duties. One gap is still debated: when a child is born into a marriage of two women, the spouse who didn’t give birth isn’t automatically a legal parent and usually has to adopt. A reform of parentage law has been discussed for years.